[Java]无依赖实现简单HttpServer,并实现基本功能

2021-05-07 1517点热度 0人点赞 0条评论

前言

有时候,我们需要用Java开发一个小的程序,或者只需要实现简单的http监听的server,此时并不想引入太多依赖(比如Spring或者要使用Tomcat等),此时可以使用Java自带的HttpServer来实现简单的web服务器,实现一些基本功能还是没有问题的。

实现

下面分享下代码片段实现HttpServer,代码实现了以下几个功能和要点(详见代码注释):

  1. 实现web server(GET方法): http://127.0.0.1:8182/hello
  2. 如果GET携带参数 http://127.0.0.1:8182/hello?msg=hello&type=1 可以解析参数(queryToMap)
  3. 返回中带中文问题
  4. 实现简单的Basic Auth认证
  5. 实现web server(POST方法): http://127.0.0.1:8182/post,并解析出参数
  6. 返回简单的HTML代码
import com.sun.net.httpserver.BasicAuthenticator;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpContext;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class SimpleHttpServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 监听8182端口
        HttpServer httpServer = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(8182), 0);
        // http://127.0.0.1:8182/hello
        HttpContext cc = httpServer.createContext("/hello", new HelloHandler());
        // basic auth 简单验证
        cc.setAuthenticator(new AuthVerify("Restricted Area"));

        //用lambda方式演示,post方法,并返回简单的HTML(处理中文问题)
        httpServer.createContext("/post", httpExchange -> {
            InputStream input = httpExchange.getRequestBody();
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input))
                    .lines()
                    .forEach((String s) -> stringBuilder.append(s).append("\n"));

            String response = "<html>\n"
                    + "<body>\n"
                    + "\n"
                    + "<h4>"
                    + "收到的参数是:"+stringBuilder
                    + "</h4>"
                    + "</body>\n"
                    + "</html> ";

            // 如果有中文,response.getBytes 需要加上UTF-8
            httpExchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).length);
            OutputStream output = httpExchange.getResponseBody();
            output.write(response.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            output.flush();
            output.close();

            httpExchange.close();
        });

        httpServer.setExecutor(Executors.newCachedThreadPool());
        httpServer.start();

    }

    static class HelloHandler implements HttpHandler {

        @Override
        public void handle(HttpExchange httpExchange) throws IOException {
            String query = httpExchange.getRequestURI().getQuery();
            String response = "HelloWorld, 收到的参数是: " + query;
            // 可以使用queryToMap(query) 工具方法,把query转成map
            httpExchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8).length);
            OutputStream os = httpExchange.getResponseBody();
            // 如果有中文,response.getBytes 需要加上UTF-8
            os.write(response.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            os.flush();
            os.close();
        }
    }

    static class AuthVerify extends BasicAuthenticator {

        public AuthVerify(String s) {
            super(s);
        }

        @Override
        public boolean checkCredentials(String username, String password) {
            return "admin".equals(username) && "password".equals(password);
        }
    }

    public static Map<String, String> queryToMap(String query) {
        Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
        for (String param : query.split("&")) {
            String[] entry = param.split("=");
            if (entry.length > 1) {
                result.put(entry[0], entry[1]);
            } else {
                result.put(entry[0], "");
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

}

 

 

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