DES(Data Encryption Standard)是一种对称加密算法,所谓对称加密就是加密和解密都是使用同一个密钥。使用一个 56 位的密钥以及附加的 8 位奇偶校验位,产生最大 64 位的分组大小。这是一个迭代的分组密码,使用称为 Feistel 的技术,其中将加密的文本块分成两半。使用子密钥对其中一半应用循环功能,然后将输出与另一半进行"异或"运算;接着交换这两半,这一过程会继续下去,但最后一个循环不交换。DES 使用 16 个循环,使用异或,置换,代换,移位操作四种基本运算。
DES的Java实现
附上工具类示例:
示例中的工具类静态方法,可以加解密字符串,或者加解密文件,供取用。
import javax.crypto.Cipher; import javax.crypto.CipherInputStream; import javax.crypto.CipherOutputStream; import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory; import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec; import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.security.Key; import java.util.Base64; /** * @author Terry E-mail: yaoxinghuo at 126 dot com * @date 2022/7/27 21:32 * @description */ public class DesUtil { /** * 偏移变量,固定占8位字节 */ private final static String IV_PARAMETER = "12345678"; /** * 密钥算法 */ private static final String ALGORITHM = "DES"; /** * 加密/解密算法-工作模式-填充模式 */ private static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding"; public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { // 测试加密 System.out.println(encrypt("this is data", "thisispassword")); // 测试解密 System.out.println(decrypt("b7GFN777yKgohJew01u5+w==", "thisispassword")); } /** * 生成key * * @param password * @return * @throws Exception */ private static Key generateKey(String password) throws Exception { DESKeySpec dks = new DESKeySpec(password.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM); return keyFactory.generateSecret(dks); } /** * DES加密字符串 * * @param password 加密密码,长度不能够小于8位 * @param data 待加密字符串 * @return 加密后内容,Base64编码 */ public static String encrypt(String data, String password) throws Exception { if (password == null || password.length() < 8) { throw new RuntimeException("加密失败,key不能小于8位"); } if (data == null) return null; try { Key secretKey = generateKey(password); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM); IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(IV_PARAMETER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, iv); byte[] bytes = cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); //JDK1.8及以上可直接使用Base64,JDK1.7及以下可以使用BASE64Encoder //Android平台可以使用android.util.Base64 return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(bytes)); } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception("加密失败", e); } } /** * DES解密字符串 * * @param password 解密密码,长度不能够小于8位 * @param data 待解密字符串 * @return 解密后内容,Base64编码 */ public static String decrypt(String data, String password) throws Exception { if (password == null || password.length() < 8) { throw new RuntimeException("加密失败,key不能小于8位"); } if (data == null) return null; try { Key secretKey = generateKey(password); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM); IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(IV_PARAMETER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, iv); return new String(cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))), StandardCharsets.UTF_8); } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception("解密失败", e); } } /** * DES加密文件 * * @param srcFile 待加密的文件 * @param destFile 加密后存放的文件路径 * @return 加密后的文件路径 */ public static String encryptFile(String srcFile, String destFile, String password) throws Exception { if (password == null || password.length() < 8) { throw new RuntimeException("加密失败,key不能小于8位"); } try { IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(IV_PARAMETER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, generateKey(password), iv); InputStream is = new FileInputStream(srcFile); OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(destFile); CipherInputStream cis = new CipherInputStream(is, cipher); byte[] buffer = new byte[4096]; int r; while ((r = cis.read(buffer)) > 0) { out.write(buffer, 0, r); } cis.close(); is.close(); out.close(); return destFile; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception("加密失败", ex); } } /** * DES解密文件 * * @param srcFile 已加密的文件 * @param destFile 解密后存放的文件路径 * @return 解密后的文件路径 */ public static String decryptFile(String srcFile, String destFile, String password) throws Exception { if (password == null || password.length() < 8) { throw new RuntimeException("加密失败,key不能小于8位"); } try { File file = new File(destFile); if (!file.exists()) { file.getParentFile().mkdirs(); file.createNewFile(); } IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(IV_PARAMETER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, generateKey(password), iv); InputStream is = new FileInputStream(srcFile); OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(destFile); CipherOutputStream cos = new CipherOutputStream(out, cipher); byte[] buffer = new byte[4096]; int r; while ((r = is.read(buffer)) >= 0) { cos.write(buffer, 0, r); } cos.close(); is.close(); out.close(); return destFile; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception("解密失败", ex); } } }
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