DES(Data Encryption Standard)是一种对称加密算法,所谓对称加密就是加密和解密都是使用同一个密钥。使用一个 56 位的密钥以及附加的 8 位奇偶校验位,产生最大 64 位的分组大小。这是一个迭代的分组密码,使用称为 Feistel 的技术,其中将加密的文本块分成两半。使用子密钥对其中一半应用循环功能,然后将输出与另一半进行"异或"运算;接着交换这两半,这一过程会继续下去,但最后一个循环不交换。DES 使用 16 个循环,使用异或,置换,代换,移位操作四种基本运算。
DES的Java实现
附上工具类示例:
示例中的工具类静态方法,可以加解密字符串,或者加解密文件,供取用。
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.CipherInputStream;
import javax.crypto.CipherOutputStream;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.Key;
import java.util.Base64;
/**
* @author Terry E-mail: yaoxinghuo at 126 dot com
* @date 2022/7/27 21:32
* @description
*/
public class DesUtil {
/**
* 偏移变量,固定占8位字节
*/
private final static String IV_PARAMETER = "12345678";
/**
* 密钥算法
*/
private static final String ALGORITHM = "DES";
/**
* 加密/解密算法-工作模式-填充模式
*/
private static final String CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "DES/CBC/PKCS5Padding";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 测试加密
System.out.println(encrypt("this is data", "thisispassword"));
// 测试解密
System.out.println(decrypt("b7GFN777yKgohJew01u5+w==", "thisispassword"));
}
/**
* 生成key
*
* @param password
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
private static Key generateKey(String password) throws Exception {
DESKeySpec dks = new DESKeySpec(password.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(ALGORITHM);
return keyFactory.generateSecret(dks);
}
/**
* DES加密字符串
*
* @param password 加密密码,长度不能够小于8位
* @param data 待加密字符串
* @return 加密后内容,Base64编码
*/
public static String encrypt(String data, String password) throws Exception {
if (password == null || password.length() < 8) {
throw new RuntimeException("加密失败,key不能小于8位");
}
if (data == null) return null;
try {
Key secretKey = generateKey(password);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(IV_PARAMETER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, iv);
byte[] bytes = cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
//JDK1.8及以上可直接使用Base64,JDK1.7及以下可以使用BASE64Encoder
//Android平台可以使用android.util.Base64
return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(bytes));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new Exception("加密失败", e);
}
}
/**
* DES解密字符串
*
* @param password 解密密码,长度不能够小于8位
* @param data 待解密字符串
* @return 解密后内容,Base64编码
*/
public static String decrypt(String data, String password) throws Exception {
if (password == null || password.length() < 8) {
throw new RuntimeException("加密失败,key不能小于8位");
}
if (data == null) return null;
try {
Key secretKey = generateKey(password);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(IV_PARAMETER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, iv);
return new String(cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8))), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new Exception("解密失败", e);
}
}
/**
* DES加密文件
*
* @param srcFile 待加密的文件
* @param destFile 加密后存放的文件路径
* @return 加密后的文件路径
*/
public static String encryptFile(String srcFile, String destFile, String password) throws Exception {
if (password == null || password.length() < 8) {
throw new RuntimeException("加密失败,key不能小于8位");
}
try {
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(IV_PARAMETER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, generateKey(password), iv);
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(srcFile);
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(destFile);
CipherInputStream cis = new CipherInputStream(is, cipher);
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
int r;
while ((r = cis.read(buffer)) > 0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, r);
}
cis.close();
is.close();
out.close();
return destFile;
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new Exception("加密失败", ex);
}
}
/**
* DES解密文件
*
* @param srcFile 已加密的文件
* @param destFile 解密后存放的文件路径
* @return 解密后的文件路径
*/
public static String decryptFile(String srcFile, String destFile, String password) throws Exception {
if (password == null || password.length() < 8) {
throw new RuntimeException("加密失败,key不能小于8位");
}
try {
File file = new File(destFile);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
file.createNewFile();
}
IvParameterSpec iv = new IvParameterSpec(IV_PARAMETER.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(CIPHER_ALGORITHM);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, generateKey(password), iv);
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(srcFile);
OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(destFile);
CipherOutputStream cos = new CipherOutputStream(out, cipher);
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
int r;
while ((r = is.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
cos.write(buffer, 0, r);
}
cos.close();
is.close();
out.close();
return destFile;
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new Exception("解密失败", ex);
}
}
}
文章评论